During the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, hundreds of thousands of Bengali women were subjected to widespread sexual violence by the Pakistan Army and its local collaborators (Razakars, Al-Badr, and Al-Shams militias). These victims, often referred to as “Birangonas” (Brave Women), played a crucial role in the war’s remembrance and Bangladesh’s national identity.

1. The Tragedy of the ‘Birangonas’:

Estimated 200,000 to 400,000 women were raped, tortured, and forcibly impregnated.

Many were held in rape camps and faced unimaginable brutality.

Some were abandoned by their families due to social stigma, while others took their own lives.

2. Contribution to the War’s Remembrance:

Recognition by the Government: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman officially honored them as “Birangonas”, acknowledging their suffering and sacrifice.

Documenting War Crimes: Their testimonies helped establish Pakistan’s atrocities as genocide and played a role in seeking justice through war crimes tribunals.

Art, Literature, and Films: Many books, films, and documentaries, such as “Meherjaan” and “Rape: A Weapon of War”, have highlighted their struggles.

Social Movements: Activists continue to fight for their rights, justice, and proper recognition in Bangladeshi history.

Despite societal challenges, their suffering has become a symbol of resilience and national remembrance, reinforcing the true cost of war and t

he fight for justice.